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Why KOTLIN is preferred over JAVA?

 

                                                      
   


Overview

Kotlin

Kotlin is a cross-platform, general-purpose high-level programming language with type inference developed by JetBrains. Its first official release was in February 2016.  Kotlin is designed to work fully with Java.  JVM version of Kotlin has its standard library that depends on the Java Class Library, but it allows its syntax to be more concise. Kotlin mainly targets the JVM, but also compiles to JavaScript (e.g., for frontend web applications using React). On 7 May 2019, Google announced that the Kotlin programming language was now its preferred language for Android app developers.

Java

Java is a high-level, class-based, object-oriented programming language that is designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. Java was originally developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems, but it is now owned by Oracle. It is a general-purpose programming language intended to let programmers write once, run anywhere, i.e., compiled Java code can run on all platforms that support Java without the need to recompile. The Java language is a key pillar in Android. The Android SDK uses the Java language as the basis for Android applications but does not use any of its standard GUI, SE, ME or other established Java standards.

 

Comparison

·        Syntax

Kotlin has a more concise syntax than Java, which means that it requires less code to perform the same operations.

                          

·        Data Type

Kotlin supports type inference, which means that you do not have to specify the data type of the variable explicitly, whereas in Java you are required to specify the data type of the variable.

//Kotlin

                   val x = "Hello world!"

//Java

                   String x = "Hello world!";

·        Exception control

Kotlin's null safety feature can help reduce the number of runtime exceptions and improve the overall performance of the application. And Kotlin's use of immutable data structures can also lead to improved performance. In Java, it’s possible to assign a null value to a variable, which may lead to a NullPointerException at runtime.

·        Use of ‘data’ keyword

Java uses getter/setters, constructors’ functions for fields/variables and other functions in Java, whereas in Kotlin it simplifies the process of creating data classes by just using the keyword ‘data’ in class definition.

·        OOP and Functional Programming

Java is limited to object-oriented programming, Kotlin combines that with features of functional programming as well.

·        Multithreading

Both languages enable the creation of multiple background threads to handle lengthy operations. This task is complex in Java, whereas Kotlin has a straightforward solution.

·        Android development

Kotlin has better support for Android development than Java does.

 

Conclusion

Java has been used for years, is easy to learn, and has a large community of developers who can offer help. Kotlin is a newer language which is not as popular as Java yet, but it has a lot of advantages over Java language. Both Java and Kotlin are popular programming languages that are often used for Android development, with their own strengths and weaknesses. When it comes to selecting the right language, it depends on the programmer.

 

-        Ananya R Upadhya



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